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The military draft is the process of calling
men between ages 18 and 26 to serve in the US
Military. This process comes into use only in war or other
national emergencies. The Congress and the President may take
the decision regarding the military draft.
When the US Military require more troops than the volunteer military
can supply, the Congress can pass a military draft. The President
cannot initiate a draft, but his signature is necessary on it.
After the President and the Congress decide in favor of a military
draft, a classification program would begin. Various examinations
take place on the registrants to check their suitability for military
service. They get adequate time to claim exemptions, deferments
or postponements. They need to meet the physical, mental and administrative
standards of the US Military to get into
the services. Local Boards in each community decide on exemptions
and deferments for clergymen, ministerial students and men claiming
for reclassification as conscientious objectors.
The military draft has the provision of a lottery to determine
the order for calling the registered men into service. This lottery
is based on birthdays. The registrants getting low lottery numbers
need to report for a physical, mental and moral examination at
a Military Entrance Processing Station. It is to check whether
they are fit to serve the US Military. After clearing the examination,
a registrant gets 10-days time to claim exemption, postponement
or deferment.
The Local and Appeal Boards do the processing of the registrant
claims. The registrants passing the military evaluation receive
induction orders. The inductees get 10 days to report to a local
Military Entrance Processing Station for induction. At present,
Selective Service must deliver the first inductees to the US Military
within 193 days from the effective date of military draft legislation.
The Vietnam War was the last occasion when a military draft came
into force. Several changes have come into this process that time
onward. These changes have reduced the ways of deferring from
the US Military service.
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